![]() Oklahoma receives annual rainfall that increases sharply from a scanty 18" (457mm) in the west to an ample 56" (1422mm) in the east and south. Soil freezes up to a depth of 3" (76mm) to 10" (254mm) in the state. Freezing temperatures occur by mid- October in the fall season and end by mid- April in the spring season. The southeast sees an average of 60 nights below freezing annually. Winter is cold in the panhandle and the west, where temperatures are below freezing for 110 to 140 days in the year. Temperatures above 100☏ (37.8☌) occur from 15 to 35 days in the summer while moving from east to west, while temperatures above 90☏ (32.2☌) range occur from 65 to 115 days in the year. The south and eastern parts are more humid, moist, and cloudy than the western region. Marshlands and forests overshadow the southeast, while oak, elm, cedar, and pine forests dominate the northeast. Eastern Oklahoma consists of eight of the eleven ecological regions in the geographically diverse state. The terrain slopes from the High Plains of the west to wetlands in the east. The topography mainly consists of prairie, plains, rolling hills, mesas, and canyons. ![]() Oklahoma has an average elevation of 400 meters, with Black Mesa as the highest point at 1516 meters. ![]() Oklahoma, the Sooner State, is home to two major rivers, the Red and the Arkansas, and four mountain ranges: the Wichita, the Arbuckle, the Ouachita, and the Ozark. Mountain ranges and the Gulf of Mexico primarily influence the climate of the state. It shares borders with Missouri in the northeast, Arkansas in the east, Texas in the south and west, New Mexico and Colorado in the northwest and Kansas in the north. Oklahoma is part of the South Central United States. The western portion, including the panhandle transitions to semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), with extreme temperatures. Oklahoma experiences a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) in the eastern part of the state, with hot, humid summers and mild to cold winters.
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